{"id":52300,"date":"2023-11-16T16:07:55","date_gmt":"2023-11-16T15:07:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/congopubonline.com\/?p=52300"},"modified":"2023-11-16T16:08:04","modified_gmt":"2023-11-16T15:08:04","slug":"lheritage-de-la-famille-kabila-pese-lourdement-sur-les-elections-en-rdc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/congopubonline.com\/?p=52300","title":{"rendered":"L\u2019h\u00e9ritage de la famille Kabila p\u00e8se lourdement sur les \u00e9lections en RDC !"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Jeudi, 16 novembre 2023-La R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo (RDC) devrait organiser des \u00e9lections le 20 d\u00e9cembre 2023. La commission \u00e9lectorale du pays a annonc\u00e9 que le pr\u00e9sident F\u00e9lix Tshisekedi se pr\u00e9senterait aux c\u00f4t\u00e9s de 25 autres candidats. Parmi eux figurent le prix Nobel de la paix Denis Mukwege et le finaliste de l\u2019\u00e9lection pr\u00e9sidentielle de 2018, Martin Fayulu<\/strong><\/em>.<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Les tribunaux confirmeront la liste d\u00e9finitive des candidats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Une personnalit\u00e9 politique cl\u00e9 n\u2019a pas encore fait conna\u00eetre ses intentions : Joseph Kabila. Il a \u00e9t\u00e9 pr\u00e9sident pendant 18 ans jusqu\u2019\u00e0 ce que Tshisekedi prenne le pouvoir en 2019. La constitution de la RDC autorise deux mandats de cinq ans, mais il est rest\u00e9 au pouvoir en retardant les \u00e9lections. Il d\u00e9tient une influence politique, militaire et commerciale consid\u00e9rable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Quelle est la place de la famille Kabila dans la politique de la RDC ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Joseph Kabila \u00e9tait le quatri\u00e8me pr\u00e9sident du pays. Il a pris ses fonctions apr\u00e8s l\u2019assassinat de son p\u00e8re, Laurent Kabila, tu\u00e9 par son garde du corps en 2001. Joseph a ensuite remport\u00e9 les \u00e9lections pr\u00e9sidentielles en 2006 et 2011.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u2019\u00e9lection surprise en 2018 de F\u00e9lix Tshisekedi, qui a pris le pouvoir en janvier 2019, en tant que pr\u00e9sident, a interrompu plus de deux d\u00e9cennies de r\u00e8gne de la famille Kabila. \u00c0 l\u2019\u00e9poque, Joseph n\u2019avait pas le droit constitutionnel de se pr\u00e9senter \u00e0 la pr\u00e9sidence \u2013 et il avait d\u00e9j\u00e0 d\u00e9pass\u00e9 son deuxi\u00e8me mandat de plus de trois ans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La famille Kabila est devenue une puissance politique apr\u00e8s avoir pris le pouvoir en 1996. Avec l\u2019aide d\u2019autres pays \u2013 tels que l\u2019Ouganda, l\u2019Angola et le Rwanda voisins \u2013 l\u2019Alliance des forces d\u00e9mocratiques pour la lib\u00e9ration du Congo, sous la direction de Laurent Kabila, a renvers\u00e9 le pouvoir politique de longue date. -dictateur za\u00efrois permanent, Mobutu Sese Seko. C\u2019\u00e9tait pendant la Premi\u00e8re Guerre du Congo (1996-1997).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le mandat de Laurent a \u00e9t\u00e9 marqu\u00e9 par l\u2019inefficacit\u00e9 et la corruption. En moins de deux ans, il avait limog\u00e9 son ministre de la d\u00e9fense, le Rwandais James Kabarebe, et commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 armer les forces anti-rwandaises. Ces forces comprenaient des acteurs qui ont particip\u00e9 au g\u00e9nocide de 1994 contre les Tutsi au Rwanda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Laurent a affirm\u00e9 que son gouvernement n\u2019avait soutenu ces forces qu\u2019apr\u00e8s que le Rwanda ait tent\u00e9 de renverser son r\u00e9gime.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La sanglante Seconde Guerre du Congo (1998-2003) a fait au moins deux millions de morts, dont beaucoup dues \u00e0 la maladie et \u00e0 l\u2019extr\u00eame pauvret\u00e9 plut\u00f4t qu\u2019\u00e0 la guerre elle-m\u00eame. Alors que la tentative d\u2019invasion de Kabarebe sur la capitale Kinshasa en 1998 a \u00e9chou\u00e9, la vaste RDC a \u00e9t\u00e9 divis\u00e9e en sph\u00e8res d\u2019influence pour diff\u00e9rentes nations et leurs groupes rebelles align\u00e9s. Ce statu quo n\u2019a commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 se briser qu\u2019apr\u00e8s l\u2019assassinat de Laurent, qui a conduit \u00e0 l\u2019ascension de son fils Joseph.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Joseph a appris la strat\u00e9gie militaire, la tactique et la politique sous Kabarebe. Les deux hommes ont travaill\u00e9 ensemble apr\u00e8s la Seconde Guerre du Congo pour d\u00e9busquer de nombreuses forces anti-rwandaises. Cela comprenait les Forces d\u00e9mocratiques pour la lib\u00e9ration du Rwanda. Ils ont \u00e9galement fait campagne ensemble lors des \u00e9lections pr\u00e9sidentielles de 2011, que Joseph a remport\u00e9es.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Joseph s\u2019est d\u2019abord pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 comme un r\u00e9formateur qui mettrait fin \u00e0 la Seconde Guerre du Congo et poursuivrait des politiques visant \u00e0 stimuler le d\u00e9veloppement politique et \u00e9conomique.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cependant, l\u2019instabilit\u00e9 dans l\u2019est de la RDC a persist\u00e9 sous son r\u00e8gne, avec des accusations de corruption massive qui ont compromis le d\u00e9veloppement du pays.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Quelle est l\u2019influence de Joseph Kabila aujourd\u2019hui ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Joseph Kabila reste fortement pr\u00e9sent au sein des institutions politiques, \u00e9conomiques et militaires du Congo. Il dispose de r\u00e9seaux solides d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s au cours de 18 ann\u00e9es au pouvoir. Il pourrait utiliser cette influence pour influencer le vote en faveur de n\u2019importe lequel des candidats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Son influence d\u00e9coule des alliances commerciales et politiques favorables qu\u2019il a cr\u00e9\u00e9es lorsqu\u2019il \u00e9tait pr\u00e9sident. Comme Mobutu, Kabila a utilis\u00e9 ses vastes ressources financi\u00e8res pour nouer des relations favorables avec les chefs d\u2019entreprise congolais et \u00e9trangers. Une fuite de documents en 2021 a r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 que Kabila avait re\u00e7u plus de 138 millions de dollars de corruption et de pots-de-vin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Certains pr\u00e9tendent que l\u2019ancien pr\u00e9sident aurait initialement convaincu Tshisekedi d\u2019accepter un accord de partage du pouvoir. Dans ce cadre, Tshisekedi serait pr\u00e9sident, tandis que Kabila contr\u00f4lerait les d\u00e9cisions politiques en coulisses. La nomination imminente de Ronsard Malonda \u00e0 la pr\u00e9sidence du corps \u00e9lectoral illustre l\u2019influence politique de Kabila. Malonda a occup\u00e9 des postes de direction lors des \u00e9lections de 2006, 2011 et 2018. Il a \u00e9t\u00e9 accus\u00e9 d\u2019avoir truqu\u00e9 les r\u00e9sultats en faveur de Kabila.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De telles accusations ont profit\u00e9 \u00e0 la campagne \u00e9lectorale de Tshisekedi. Il se pr\u00e9sente comme un candidat non li\u00e9 \u00e0 la corruption en RDC.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Si Kabila d\u00e9cide de faire campagne, la dynamique politique au sein d\u2019une grande partie de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile, militaire et \u00e9conomique du Congo sera divis\u00e9e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les ministres et responsables du gouvernement seront contraints de choisir de soutenir soit le pr\u00e9sident sortant, soit le candidat pr\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9 de Kabila.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Qu\u2019est-ce que Tshisekedi esp\u00e9rait changer apr\u00e8s avoir mis Joseph Kabila en d\u00e9route ?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Au d\u00e9part, on esp\u00e9rait que le gouvernement de Tshisekedi favoriserait la paix dans l\u2019est du Congo, \u00e9tablirait une plus grande unit\u00e9 nationale et aiderait \u00e0 r\u00e9soudre les probl\u00e8mes \u00e9conomiques du pays apr\u00e8s des d\u00e9cennies de corruption et de conflit. Cependant, ces probl\u00e8mes ont persist\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Initialement, Amnesty International a f\u00e9licit\u00e9 Tshisekedi pour avoir graci\u00e9 les prisonniers politiques et accord\u00e9 un plus grand espace public aux critiques du gouvernement congolais. Il a \u00e9galement lanc\u00e9 des enqu\u00eates sur les transactions mini\u00e8res pass\u00e9es sous les gouvernements Kabila. En tant que pr\u00e9sident de l\u2019Union africaine de 2021 \u00e0 2022, il a insist\u00e9 pour qu\u2019une plus grande attention soit port\u00e9e \u00e0 la pand\u00e9mie de Covid-19 et a promu la Zone de libre-\u00e9change continentale africaine (ZLECAf).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Malgr\u00e9 les tentatives initiales visant \u00e0 nouer des relations plus significatives avec le Rwanda, les relations se sont d\u00e9t\u00e9rior\u00e9es en 2022. C\u2019\u00e9tait apr\u00e8s que le gouvernement congolais ait accus\u00e9 le Rwanda de soutenir les rebelles ressuscit\u00e9s du M23.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le Rwanda a ni\u00e9 ces all\u00e9gations. Il a \u00e9galement accus\u00e9 le gouvernement de Tshisekedi d\u2019\u00eatre hostile \u00e0 la population tutsie congolaise \u2013 les Banyamulenge \u2013 qui est historiquement li\u00e9e aux Rwandais.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le D\u00e9partement d\u2019\u00c9tat am\u00e9ricain a exprim\u00e9 ses inqui\u00e9tudes quant \u00e0 la rh\u00e9torique anti-Banyamulenge de Tshisekedi, ainsi qu\u2019\u00e0 la transparence d\u00e9mocratique lors des prochaines \u00e9lections.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La strat\u00e9gie de campagne de Tshisekedi semble se concentrer sur la promotion de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 dans l\u2019est de la RDC non seulement en battant le M23, mais aussi en attaquant le Rwanda pour son ing\u00e9rence dans les affaires congolaises. La s\u00e9curisation des Banyamulenge et du Rwanda \u2013 la manipulation politique visant \u00e0 susciter la peur du public \u2013 a contribu\u00e9 \u00e0 d\u00e9tourner les critiques internes du r\u00e9gime de Tshisekedi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La question de savoir si les \u00e9lections auront lieu est un autre sujet de pr\u00e9occupation. Certains craignent que Tshisekedi retarde ou annule les \u00e9lections en invoquant des probl\u00e8mes de s\u00e9curit\u00e9. Si cela se produit, cela pourrait \u00eatre per\u00e7u par les partenaires nationaux et internationaux comme une ing\u00e9rence politique du r\u00e9gime au pouvoir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Par Jonathan Beloff \u2013 Associ\u00e9 de recherche postdoctoral, King\u2019s College de Londres, Royaume-Uni<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

OKAPI NEWS via CONGO PUB Online<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Jeudi, 16 novembre 2023-La R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo (RDC) devrait organiser des \u00e9lections le 20 d\u00e9cembre 2023. La commission \u00e9lectorale du pays a annonc\u00e9 que le pr\u00e9sident F\u00e9lix Tshisekedi se…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":75,"featured_media":52302,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[844,58],"tags":[5142,254],"class_list":["post-52300","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-a-la-une","category-politiques","tag-lheritage-de-la-famille-kabila","tag-rdc"],"yoast_head":"\nL\u2019h\u00e9ritage de la famille Kabila p\u00e8se lourdement sur les \u00e9lections en RDC !<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Jeudi, 16 novembre 2023-La R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo (RDC) devrait organiser des \u00e9lections le 20 d\u00e9cembre 2023...\" 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